Asphalt is durable, but it's not impervious to weather conditions. Seasonal changes and temperature fluctuations are common causes of wear and tear.
Snow and ice can cause freeze-thaw cycles that damage asphalt in the winter. Snow plows and the use of de-icing products also damage asphalt. UV rays can also cause the pavement to fade in color over time.
Winter
Asphalt is a mixture of bitumen (petroleum) and aggregates like gravel and crushed stone. During paving, asphalt is heated to a high temperature, and if the mix is too cold, it will not set correctly and can cause problems down the road.
The most common problem asphalt surfaces face during the winter is frost heave. This occurs when water enters the asphalt and freezes, expanding the pavement and causing cracks and ruts. Snow and ice also create problems with asphalt surfaces. Snow that stays on the surface will melt on days with milder temperatures and seep into the pavement, deteriorating it over time. Snowplows and the use of de-icing chemicals will also damage the surface.
In addition to the weather conditions described above, asphalt is vulnerable to damage from sunlight and heavy rain, as well as any shifts in temperature that cause freezing and thawing. Even the most minor changes can weaken the integrity of the asphalt surface, allowing rain to seep into fissures and further undermining the underlying soil's condition.
Spring
The spring thaw often exposes any asphalt problems that occur during the winter. Freeze-thaw cycles cause damage by penetrating cracks in the pavement and expanding or contracting as temperatures shift, eroding the base of the asphalt.
Warmer temperatures also affect the time available for compaction. Heat transfer physics dictates that the asphalt mat will cool more quickly on a warmer surface than on a cooler one. This reduces the time available for asphalt paving near me to compact the asphalt properly.
Water penetration through cracks in the asphalt erodes the material, slowly wearing it down. Potholes might form as a result of this erosion, necessitating costly repairs. Preventative maintenance is the most effective strategy to avoid these issues. It's also more cost-effective than waiting for a pothole to appear and then trying to repair it as quickly as possible. This will only result in further damage as the pothole erodes into more of the asphalt.
Summer
As the weather heats up, asphalt becomes soft and more malleable. Over time, this expansion can cause small cracks that, left unattended, will grow into potholes. This is why sweeping and inspecting your asphalt regularly is so important.
Hot temperatures also expose the asphalt to more UV rays that can damage the binder. The oxidation that comes with these rays can create heavier oils in the asphalt, making it more brittle. This damage will cause the pavement to break down faster and will need repair sooner than if it had been appropriately maintained.
During the winter, heavy snow, salt, and ice can be highly damaging to asphalt. The freeze-thaw cycle can distress and crack the asphalt, and moisture from melting snow or rain seeping through cracked areas can freeze and expand. This puts tremendous pressure on the asphalt, and eventually, it will start to crack and crumble. If these cracks aren't repaired before the winter, they can become large potholes that create hazards for pedestrians and drivers.
Fall
In the fall, asphalt suffers from the freeze-thaw cycle that accelerates its deterioration. As the snow and ice melt, water seeps into cracks in the asphalt. When temperatures drop, that moisture freezes, pushing the pavement surface upward and weakening the foundation underneath. This leads to larger cracks, which eventually create potholes.
In addition, if you use road salt or coarse gravel to melt the ice and snow, those substances can wear down the asphalt aggregate. This leads to abrasion and structural damage that requires extensive repair and replacement.
Another factor in the deterioration of asphalt is ultraviolet (UV) oxidation, which occurs when light oils in the asphalt mix combine with oxygen to create heavier oils that make the asphalt brittle and more likely to crack. UV damage also makes the paving material susceptible to water intrusion and other damage.
Conclusion
In conclusion, it is evident that weather conditions play a critical role in the quality and longevity of asphalt pavement. Extreme temperatures, precipitation, and UV radiation can all impact the performance of asphalt paving, leading to issues such as cracking, rutting, and degradation. Understanding these effects is essential for proper planning and maintenance of asphalt surfaces.
